Information system meaning (what is it, concept and definition)

What is the Information System:

An information system is a set of data that interact with each other for a common purpose.

In computing, information systems help to administer, collect, retrieve, process, store and distribute information relevant to the fundamental processes and particularities of each organization.

The importance of an information system lies in the efficiency in the correlation of a large amount of data entered through processes designed for each area in order to produce valid information for subsequent decision-making.

Characteristics of an information system

An information system is mainly characterized by the efficiency that processes the data in relation to the area of ​​action. The information systems are fed by the processes and tools of statistics, probability, business intelligence, production, marketing, among others, to arrive at the best solution.

An information system stands out for its design, ease of use, flexibility, automatic record keeping, support in making critical decisions, and maintaining anonymity in non-relevant information.

Components of an information system

The components that make up a communication system are:

1. the input: where the data is fed, the process: use of the tools of the areas contemplated to relate, summarize or conclude, the output: reflects the production of information, and feedback: the results obtained are entered and processed again.

Components of an information system

The elements that constitute an information system are grouped into the three dimensions that the system encompasses:

• organization dimension: it is part of the organization structure, for example, the bases of business models or the dialogue manager. people dimension: they manufacture and produce the synergy necessary for the system to work, for example, the introduction and use of databases. technology dimension: constitutes the implementation for the formation of the structure, for example, server room and power reserve systems.

Life cycle of an information system

The life cycle of an information system is continuous and consists of the following phases:

1. Preliminary research, identification of strengths and threats Definition of needs and requirements Design Software development and documentation Testing Implementation and maintenance Identification of weaknesses and opportunities

Types of information systems

In organizational culture, there are several types of information systems depending on the operational level at which they are used. Some of the most common systems are found below:

• for data processing (TPS: Traditional processing system ): operating level, intended to process large volumes of information feeding large databases. Expert or Knowledge Based System (KWS: Knowledge working systems ): Operational level, select the best solution for the problem presented. for administration and management (MIS: Management information systems ): administrative level, manages and prepares periodic reports. for decision making (DSS: Decision support systems ): strategic level, it stands out for its design and intelligence that allows an adequate selection and implementation of projects. for executives (EIS: Executive information systems ): strategic level, customized system for each executive so that he can see and analyze critical data. functional systems related to the internal processes of the organization: they form the basis of information systems for executives. Some of the best known implemented for the needs of each area are: Marketing information system (SIM) Production information system (SIP) Financial information system (SIF) Human resources information system (SIRH) Information system for managers (SDD) Geographic information system (GIS) Legislative information system (SIL)